Jesus, the Son of Man +

One very important concept to understand is Jesus' use of the phrase "Son of Man".  Some Muslims will suggest that Jesus' frequent use of this title (81 times, actually) means he did not claim divinity for himself.

How can Jesus take this modest title  and claim to be God at the same time?  Well, the Jews were familiar with this passage from Daniel chapter 7:

I saw in the night visions,

and behold, with the clouds of heaven
there came one like a son of man,
and he came to the Ancient of Days
and was presented before him.
And to him was given dominion
and glory and a kingdom,
that all peoples, nations, and languages
should serve him;
his dominion is an everlasting dominion,
which shall not pass away,
and his kingdom one
that shall not be destroyed.
--Daniel 7:13-14

This passage is not discussed often enough in church, so please read it carefully.

Note how Jesus answered the high priest in Mark 14:

Again the high priest asked him, “Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?” 
And Jesus said, “I am, and you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven.”

The high priest responds:

 And the high priest tore his garments and said, “What further witnesses do we need? 
You have heard his blasphemy. What is your decision?” 
And they all condemned him as deserving death.
--Mark 14:61-2

Let me clarify Jesus' use this title for himself.  In fact Jesus uses this phrase in the third person. If he had applied it to himself in first person, he could have been arrested for blasphemy by his enemies.

At the end of his ministry, when his fate was sealed, he was more clear:

Jesus said to him, “Judas, would you betray the Son of Man with a kiss?
--Luke 22:48

How many people did Judas ever betray with a kiss in his life?  Just one.

Is Jesus God?

In the current prevailing teaching on apologetics to Muslims, it is often suggested that we should say that "Jesus is God".  But Jesus referred to himself as "Son of Man" much more often, and this title confers more useful insight on who Jesus is with the context of Daniel 7.